Chronic Pain

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, cognitive disturbances, and unrefreshing sleep. While it has long been labeled a disorder of unknown origin, emerging evidence has highlighted the pivotal role of the neuroendocrine system in its development and persistence. The understanding of the neuroendocrine system and fibromyalgia offers crucial insights into the hormonal imbalances, stress responses, and regulatory failures that contribute to the multisystemic nature of this disorder. The neuroendocrine system bridges…

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder marked by widespread musculoskeletal pain, persistent fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive dysfunction. Despite the absence of tissue damage or inflammation visible through conventional medical imaging, the condition has a clearly defined neurophysiological basis. Understanding neurophysiology and fibromyalgia is key to demystifying the condition and guiding targeted, effective treatment strategies. Neurophysiology examines the functions of the nervous system, including how the brain and spinal cord perceive and regulate pain, sensory input,…

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, unrelenting fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and poor sleep quality. Although the condition lacks visible tissue damage or inflammation, increasing evidence reveals that changes in brain chemistry play a fundamental role in its development and persistence. Understanding neurotransmitters and fibromyalgia is critical to unlocking the complex interactions between the brain, body, and behavior that define this syndrome. Neurotransmitters are the chemical messengers of the nervous system. They…

Fibromyalgia is a multifaceted chronic condition marked by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, and cognitive challenges. For decades, its pathophysiology was poorly understood, leading to misconceptions about its legitimacy. However, recent advances in neuroimaging and brain network analysis have shed new light on its neurological basis. One key area of focus is the salience network. The salience network about fibromyalgia provides critical insights into how the brain processes pain, stress, and sensory information, and…